The archaic period
The archaic period
| In the late Gerziano period (3100 BC) two reigns had been formed, one in Upper Egypt, where the city of Hieraconpolis was capital, and another in Lower Egypt. The union in the country was going to be, according to the tradition, around 3100 BC thanks to Menes, king in Upper Egypt, who would have occupied the North, attracted by the greater fertility of the land. But Menes is surrounded by a legendary halo and it’s possible that behind his name there are the works of many sovereigns of the archaic period (among them the famous Narmer). Anyway with Menes, founder of the I dynasty, the archaic or ancient dynastic or tinita period is begun, because the capital was moved from Hieraconpolis to Thinis (in Upper Egypt, but more to the north), so the territory in the Delta just conquered, was more controlled. After the reconciliation between North and South, the battles against Nubia began, which characterizes the history of this country. During the archaic period, where there were two dynasties (that included at least seventeen pharaohs), the absolute and theocracy nature of the pharaoh’s power was established and he was considered the sun-god Ra’s son, and worshipped as a divinity himself; the structure of the state was established, divided in districts (called “nomi”) governed by “nomarchi”. In the meantime the writing (the first hieroglyphics go back to this period) was developed and some funeral buildings were built in Saqqara and in Abido. And they were the first examples of Egyptian art. |
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